Power System Studies
Power System Studies are essential in understanding the expected performance of an Electrical System and determining the severity of a fault or other unexpected event.
Power System Group in SEN EDS is equipped with ETAP and DIgSILENT which are among the best software to perform various Power System Analysis, calculations and simulations in accordance with IEEE Std. covering the following studies.
- The Power Flow Simulation is a fundamental analysis module for demand evaluation, power flow analysis, losses, power factor correction and voltage drop calculations.
- The flow of power, current, voltage, real power and reactive power in a system under any load conditions.
- Load flow studies will be conducted to determine the voltage profile in the network for minimum and maximum voltage conditions of the Grid, Overloading of equipment.
Perform Device Duty Calculations using ETAP’s Short Circuit analysis software which allows you to determine fault currents and automatically compare these values against manufacturer Short Circuit current ratings. Overstressed device alarms are displayed on the one-line diagram and included in Short Circuit Analyzer and study reports.
Analyze the effect of balanced and unbalanced faults using ETAP Short Circuit analysis software:
3-phase or 1-phase
Line-Ground
Line-Line
Line-Line-Ground
ETAP Short Circuit software makes it easy to go from selecting elements, (from the comprehensive library of Short Circuit current ratings), to performing dozens of different types of Short Circuit analysis. Analyzers, plots and reports allow for quick determination of the worst-case fault current device duty.
Transient Stability Analysis enables engineers to accurately simulate and analyze power system dynamics and transients via system disturbances and other events. ETAP Transient Stability leverages detailed and validated equipment, protection functions, and built-in and graphical user defined control models to perform analysis for industrial to transmission power systems.
The capacity of a Power System to retain synchronism in the face of a huge transient disruption, such as faults, the abrupt outage of a line, or the sudden load application or removal, is referred to as Transient Stability.
The nonlinear power-angle connection impacts the system response, which incorporates considerable expeditions of generator rotor angles. Following such abrupt power system disturbances, rotor angular disparities, rotor speeds, and power transmission experience rapid changes whose magnitudes are depending on the severity of the disturbances.
Transient Stability is a quick phenomenon that generally occurs within a few seconds for a generator located near to the source of the disturbance.
- The reliability of Power System operation mainly depends on the integrated performance of Protection Relays. The Relays should operate for all faults in its own zone (Primary protection) and also provide backup protection for faults in immediately adjoining zone in the downstream, if the relay in that adjoining zone (Primary protection) fails to operate.
- The Overcurrent & Earth Fault Relay Co-ordination Study is to determine the characteristics, ratings and settings of over-current protective devices which will ensure that the minimum un-faulted load is interrupted when the protective devices isolate a fault or overload anywhere in the system. At the same time, the devices and settings selected must provide satisfactory protection against overloads on the equipment and interrupt short circuit as rapidly as possible. Thus, the practice of protection engineering involves fault studies followed by relay setting, checking and co-ordination studies. These studies are necessary in order to ensure that the variety of protective relays function correctly with proper discrimination to provide the required reliable, sensitive and selective isolation of faulty section of the power system network. The Relay Co-ordination Studies are conducted to determine and cross check the existing relay settings.
- The objective of Relay Coordination Study is to determine optimum settings for protection devices such that protection system isolates the minimum possible faulty portion at the earliest possible in order to ensure the reliable power supply for the healthy system.
- To determine maximum incident energy at MV and LV Switchgear.
- Collection of inputs (SLD, equipment parameters – Voltage kV rating, Power MVA rating, Impedance, System fault level, X/R ratio, Protection Settings).
- The Arc Flash Analysis program is a completely integrated module that solves multiple scenarios to determine worst-case arc flash energy levels. The Arc Flash calculation software module also produces professional reports and high-quality arc flash hazard labels at a press of a button.
- The Arc Flash Analysis module also includes comprehensive single phase and three phase arc flash calculations as well as an invaluable arc flash analyzer tool to summarize results from the Arc Flash Study.
- Harmonic Analysis module, you can simulate harmonic current and voltage sources, identify harmonic problems, reduce nuisance trips, design and test filters, and report harmonic voltage and current distortion limit violations.
- Comprehensive load flow and frequency scan calculations are performed using detailed harmonic source models and power system component frequency models. Results are shown graphically, including harmonic order, harmonic spectrum plots and harmonic waveform plots, as well as crystal reports.
- Motor Acceleration Analysis module can help you perform Motor Acceleration studies to optimize motor performance and ensure the reliability of electrical works.
- To accurately evaluate the motor/load speed-torque characteristics
- To check whether The Transformers, Power Sources, Motor Feeders, and the corresponding protective devices are sized properly to handle the starting transients.
- Grid Islanding Study involves analyzing the network’s characteristics, load distribution, and protective devices to identify areas suitable for islanding.
- Grid Islanding is the controlled separation of a portion of the power distribution network to create a self-sustaining “island”, that can continue to operate independently. This study ensures that critical facilities can continue to receive power during grid outages or disturbance.
- The primary goal of the Insulation Coordination Study is to align the insulation levels of the Switchgear Equipment with the Protection.
- Overvoltage’s arising from events such as cable energization, re-energization, fault application/clearing, and capacitor bank switching are examined in the Insulation Coordination Study to determine the suitable size and placement of Surge Arresters.
- Electrical Equipment Reliability data should be based on historical performance of components in the same environment as those in considered system. The Reliability surveys provide a source of component data when such specific data is not available.
- Reliability analysis is a systematic approach used to assess the dependability and consistency of a system or process. It involves identifying potential failures, analyzing their causes, and implementing measures to prevent or mitigate them.
Cardinal aspect of any Power System Study is the analysis and interpretation of results. This is accomplished with the guidance and support of senior professionals with several decades of Power System Design and operation experience. Every system study report goes through their scrutiny and approval before issue.
